Table of Contents:
  • Slave trading and forced labor migrations
  • Family diasporas and parenthood lost
  • Malnutrition, ecological risks, and slave mortality
  • Reproductive exploitation and child mortality
  • Slave household subsistence and women's work
  • The impacts of Civil War on slave families
  • The risks of emancipation for black families
  • Reconstruction threats to black family survival
  • Theoretical reprise.