The Rumen Protozoa

The Rumen Protozoa by Alan G. Williams, Geoffrey S. Coleman.

All ruminants are dependent on the microorganisms that live in their forestomach - the rumen - to break down ingested feed constituents into a form that the host animal can utilize. Protozoa are part of this complex ruminal population and are essential for the nutritional well-being and productivity...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Williams, Alan G. (Author), Coleman, Geoffrey S. (Author)
Corporate Author: SpringerLink (Online service)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: New York, NY : Springer New York : Imprint: Springer, 1992.
Edition:1st ed. 1992.
Series:Brock Springer Series in Contemporary Bioscience,
Springer eBook Collection.
Subjects:
Zoology.
Ecology .
Electronic resources (E-books)
Online Access:Click to view e-book
Holy Cross Note:Loaded electronically.
Electronic access restricted to members of the Holy Cross Community.
Table of Contents:
  • Preface
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Identification and Classification of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 2.1 Taxonomy of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 2.2 The Genus Entodinium
  • 2.3 The Genus Eodinium
  • 2.4 The Genus Diplodinium
  • 2.5 The Genus Eremoplastron
  • 2.6 The Genus Eudiplodinium
  • 2.7 The Genus Ostracodinium
  • 2.8 The Genus Polyplastron
  • 2.9 The Genus Metadinium
  • 2.10 The Genus Epidinium
  • 2.11 The Genus Enoploplastron
  • 2.12 The Genus Ophryoscolex
  • 2.13 The Genus Diploplastron
  • 2.14 The Genus Elytroplastron
  • 2.15 The Genus Epiplastron
  • 2.16 The Genus Opisthotricum
  • 2.17 The Genus Caloscolex
  • 2.18 The Genus Rhinozeta
  • 2.19 The Genus Parentodinium
  • 2.20 Evolution of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 3 The Holotrich Ciliates
  • 3.1 Classification of the Rumen Holotrich Ciliates
  • 3.2 Distribution of Holotrich Ciliates
  • 3.3 Population Determinants
  • 3.4 Species Description
  • 3.5 Evolution of the Holotrich Ciliates
  • 4 Methods Used for the Separation and Cultivation of Protozoa
  • 4.1 Techniques for the Isolation of Ciliates from Rumen Contents
  • 4.2 In situ Culture of Selected Protozoa
  • 4.3 Cultivation of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa In vitro
  • 4.4 Cultivation of Holotrich Ciliates In vitro
  • 4.5 Continuous Culture Techniques
  • 5 Association of Bacteria and Fungi with Rumen Ciliates
  • 5.1 Intracellular Bacteria
  • 5.2 Bacteria Attached to the Pellicle
  • 5.3 Intracellular “Parasites” of Rumen Ciliates
  • 6 Metabolism of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 6.1 Metabolism of Starch
  • 6.2 Metabolism of Cellulose and Cellobiose
  • 6.3 Metabolism of Pectin, Hemicelluloses, and Related Compounds
  • 6.4 Engulfment and Utilization of Bacteria
  • 6.5 Engulfment and Utilization of Ovals and Fungi
  • 6.6 Metabolism of Free Amino Acids
  • 6.7 Metabolism of Protein
  • 6.8 Sources of Amino Acids for Protozoal Growth
  • 6.9 Metabolism of Free Constituents of Nucleic Acids
  • 6.10 Metabolism of Lipids
  • 6.11 Metabolism of Phospholipids
  • 6.12 Metabolism of Lactic Acid
  • 6.13 Uptake and Metabolism of Other Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • Appendix: Techniques Used in Experiments on the Metabolism of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 7 Structure of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa and Its Relationship to Function
  • 7.1 General Description of Structure
  • 7.2 Structure of Vestibular and Cytopharyngeal Regions
  • 7.3 The Cilia and Infraciliature
  • 7.4 The Paralabial Organelle
  • 7.5 The Contractile Vacuoles
  • 7.6 The Cytoproct (Rectum)
  • 7.7 The Pellicle (Cortex)
  • 7.8 The Boundary Between Ectoplasm and Endoplasm
  • 7.9 Division of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 7.10 Conjugation
  • 7.11 Protozoal Chemotaxis and Feeding
  • 7.12 Protozoal Metabolic Compartments
  • 7.13 Rate of Clearance of Soluble and Particulate Materials
  • 8 Metabolism of Holotrich Protozoa
  • 8.1 Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • 8.2 Oxygen Utilization
  • 8.3 Nitrogen Metabolism
  • 8.4 Lipid Metabolism
  • 8.5 Metabolism of Nucleic Acids
  • 9 Factors Affecting Protozoal Populations In vivo
  • 9.1 Infection of Young Ruminants
  • 9.2 Interrelationships Between Protozoal Species
  • 9.3 Host Specificity
  • 9.4 Geographical Distribution
  • 9.5 Effect of Feed Composition
  • 9.6 Diurnal Variation in Densities of Entodiniomorphid Protozoa
  • 9.7 Seasonal Variation
  • 10 Role of Protozoa in the Rumen
  • 10.1 Metabolism of Cellulose and Hemicellulose
  • 10.2 Metabolism of Starch
  • 10.3 Metabolism of Bacteria
  • 10.4 Metabolism of Protein
  • 10.5 Effect of Protozoa on Rumen Metabolites
  • 11 Effect of Ciliate Protozoa on the Productivity of the Host Ruminant
  • 11.1 Post-Ruminal Digestion of Protozoa
  • 11.2 Effect of Protozoa on Blood Metabolite Concentrations
  • 11.3 Effect of Protozoa on Animal Growth
  • 12 Protozoa and the Health of the Host Animal
  • 12.1 Appearance of Animal
  • 12.2 Detoxification
  • 12.3 Lactic Acid Acidosis
  • 12.4 Copper Toxicity
  • 12.5 Bloat
  • 13 The Flagellate Protozoa in the Rumen
  • 13.1 Description and Classification
  • 13.2 Infection of the Host and Population Density In vivo
  • 13.3 Cultivation
  • References.

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