Private Lives and Public Policies : Confidentiality and Accessibility of Government Statistics.

Private Lives and Public Policies : Confidentiality and Accessibility of Government Statistics.

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Bibliographic Details
Corporate Author: National Research Council Staff (Author)
Other Authors: Jabine, Thomas B. (Editor), De Wolf, Virginia A. (Editor), Duncan, George T. (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Washington : National Academies Press, Aug. 1993.
Subjects:
Privacy, Right of > United States.
Public records > Access control > United States.
Privacy, Right of
Public records > Access control
Statistical services
United States > Statistical services.
United States
Online Access:Click for online access
Table of Contents:
  • PRIVATE LIVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES
  • Copyright
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • STUDY GOALS AND SCOPE
  • GUIDING PRINCIPLES
  • DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY
  • CONSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT
  • INDIVIDUAL AUTONOMY
  • KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • STATUTORY PROTECTION AGAINST MANDATORY DISCLOSURE OF INDIVIDUALLY IDENTIFIABLE DATA
  • BARRIERS TO DATA SHARING WITHIN GOVERNMENT
  • ACCESS TO DATA BY NONGOVERNMENT USERS
  • PRIVACY CONCERNS AND DECLINING COOPERATION IN SURVEYS
  • STATISTICAL PROCEDURES TO PROTECT CONFIDENTIALITY
  • CROSS-CUTTING RECOMMENDATIONS
  • 1 Principles and Problems
  • THE TENSION BETWEEN PRIVATE LIVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES
  • STUDY GOALS AND SCOPE
  • HOW DOES THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM FUNCTION?
  • KEY DEFINITIONS
  • DATA SUBJECTS AND DATA PROVIDERS
  • INFORMATIONAL PRIVACY
  • CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA PROTECTION
  • INFORMED CONSENT AND NOTIFICATION
  • DISCLOSURE
  • ADMINISTRATIVE AND STATISTICAL DATA
  • WHAT PRINCIPLES SHOULD GUIDE STATISTICAL AGENCIES?
  • DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY
  • CONSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT
  • INDIVIDUAL AUTONOMY
  • THE SPECIAL ROLE OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • DATA ACCESS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
  • PROBLEMS IN ENSURING CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS
  • DO STATISTICAL AGENCIES HAVE ADEQUATE AUTHORITY TO PROTECT DATA?
  • CAN COMMUNICATION WITH THE PUBLIC BE IMPROVED?
  • ARE DATA PROVIDERS PROPERLY NOTIFIED OR INFORMED?
  • ARE CURRENT CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS LAWS ADEQUATE AND APPROPRIATE?
  • HOW CAN NONGOVERNMENT USERS BE GIVEN ACCESS TO DATA WHILE PRESERVING CONFIDENTIALITY?
  • CAN INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL DATA BE PROVIDED FOR PUBLIC USE?
  • CAN LEGITIMATE NEEDS FOR DATA SHARING WITHIN GOVERNMENT BE MET?
  • STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
  • NOTES
  • 2 The Framework of Study
  • EVOLUTION OF THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM
  • EARLIER STUDIES OF PRIVACY, CONFIDENTIALITY, AND DATA ACCESS.
  • AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION AD HOC COMMITTEE ON PRIVACY ANDCONFIDENTIALITY
  • PRIVACY PROTECTION STUDY COMMISSION
  • OFFICE OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL POLICY AND STANDARDS
  • WHAT HAS CHANGED TO WARRANT A NEW STUDY?
  • ADVANCES IN COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
  • OUTSIDE RESEARCHERS
  • RECORD LINKAGE
  • ORGANIZATIONS CONCERNED WITH CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESSIBILITY
  • PERSUADING DATA PROVIDERS
  • COGNITIVE RESEARCH
  • NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN RESEARCH ON STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE LIMITATION
  • RESPONSIBILITIES OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE PUBLIC
  • RESPONSIBILITIES TO DATA PROVIDERS AND DATA SUBJECTS
  • RESPONSIBILITIES TO DATA USERS
  • RESPONSIBILITIES TO OTHER STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • RESPONSIBILITIES TO CUSTODIANS OF ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS
  • NOTES
  • 3 Data Subjects
  • INTRODUCTION
  • INFORMED CONSENT AND NOTIFICATION
  • HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMED CONSENT AND NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES
  • The Privacy Act of 1974
  • Professional Association Guidelines
  • Matching Survey and Administrative Data
  • Waivers
  • CURRENT POLICIES AND PRACTICES
  • MANDATORY DATA SETS: CONTROLLING INFORMATION ABOUT ONESELF
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • RESEARCH RELATED TO CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS
  • CONTROLLED SURVEY EXPERIMENTS
  • COGNITIVE RESEARCH
  • PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • PUBLIC INFORMATION ACTIVITIES OF STATISTICAL AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
  • CURRENT PRACTICES
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • 4 Data Users
  • BASIC CONCEPTS RELATED TO DATA ACCESS
  • EXPECTATIONS OF DATA USERS
  • BACKGROUND
  • Increasing Demands for Access
  • Meeting User Needs: Successes and Failures
  • Factors that Affect Agency Decisions on Access
  • User Influence on Agency Decisions
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Data Sharing Within Government
  • Access to Data by Nongovernment Users.
  • LEGAL AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF DATA USERS
  • BACKGROUND
  • Legal Responsibilities of Users
  • Ethical Responsibilities of Users
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • 5 Legislation
  • GENERAL REGULATION OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AND RESEARCH RECORDS
  • THE PRIVACY ACT
  • FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT
  • AGENCY-SPECIFIC LEGISLATION
  • BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
  • NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS
  • NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS
  • INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
  • AGENCIES LACKING EXPLICIT STATUTORY PROTECTION OF ESTABLISHMENT DATA
  • NEW STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • NOTES
  • 6 Technical and Administrative Procedures
  • INTRODUCTION
  • RESTRICTED DATA: STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR PROTECTING CONFIDENTIALITY
  • DISCLOSURE RISK AND STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE LIMITATION TECHNIQUES
  • SELECTED STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE LIMITATION PRACTICES OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • Procedures Used for Tables
  • Procedures for Microdata Files
  • THE IMPACT OF IMPROVED COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
  • RECENT RESEARCH ON DISCLOSURE LIMITATION
  • Systematic Frameworks
  • Papers Commissioned by the Panel
  • Shielding Organizational Data
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • RESTRICTED ACCESS: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES TO PROTECT CONFIDENTIALITY
  • INTERAGENCY DATA SHARING
  • Examples of Interagency Data Sharing
  • Discussion
  • EXTERNAL DATA USERS
  • Examples of Restricted Access by External Data Users
  • Examples of Failure to Gain Access
  • Discussion
  • ARCHIVING FEDERAL STATISTICAL DATA SETS
  • RESTRICTED ACCESS: FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • NOTES
  • 7 Statistical Data on Organizations
  • INTRODUCTION
  • TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONS
  • DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DATA ON PERSONS AND DATA ON ORGANIZATIONS
  • Legislation
  • Other Differences
  • CONTENT OF CHAPTER.
  • THE ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION VS. THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE: A FURTHER EROSION OF FUNCTIONAL SEPARATION
  • BACKGROUND
  • DISCUSSION
  • Is EIA a Statistical Agency?
  • Did EIA Mislead Respondents?
  • Is the EIA's Problem Unique?
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • INABILITY TO SHARE BUSINESS LISTS: AN EMBARRASSMENT TO THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM
  • BACKGROUND
  • PRACTICES IN OTHER COUNTRIES
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • WAIVERS: WHOSE INFORMATION IS IT?
  • BACKGROUND
  • EXAMPLES
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • USER ACCESS: GETTING A BETTER RETURN ON INVESTMENTS IN ECONOMIC STATISTICS
  • BACKGROUND
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • 8 Managing Confidentiality and Data Access Functions
  • MANAGEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS QUESTIONS IN THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM
  • WITHIN STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • ACROSS STATISTICAL AGENCIES
  • THE INFLUENCE OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES
  • ALTERNATIVE MODELS FOR MANAGING CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS QUESTIONS: A LOOK AT OTHER COUNTRIES
  • U.S. PROPOSALS FOR AN INDEPENDENT PRIVACY PROTECTION BOARD
  • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • AGENCY STAFFING AND MANAGEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS FUNCTIONS
  • INTERAGENCY COORDINATION
  • DATA PROTECTION BOARD
  • Recommendations
  • CHAPTER 3
  • CHAPTER 4
  • CHAPTER 5
  • CHAPTER 6
  • CHAPTER 7
  • CHAPTER 8
  • References
  • Appendix A Study Procedures
  • PANEL ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITIES
  • CASE STUDIES
  • LONGITUDINAL RETIREMENT HISTORY WORKSHOP
  • WORKSHOP ON CONFIDENTIALITY OF AND ACCESS TO DOCTORATE RECORDS
  • WORKSHOP ON CONFIDENTIALITY OF AND ACCESS TO NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS DATA
  • INFORMATION GATHERING
  • REQUEST FOR DOCUMENTATION
  • INVITATION FOR COMMENTS
  • CONFERENCE ON DISCLOSURE LIMITATION APPROACHES AND DATA ACCESS
  • COMMISSIONED PAPERS
  • Attachment 1
  • I.
  • II.
  • Attachment 2.
  • Appendix B Biographical Sketches
  • Index.

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