Table of Contents:
  • List of Tables
  • Abbreviations
  • Introduction
  • Chapter I. Formula Criticism: An Historical Survey
  • A. Introduction
  • B. The Discovery of Formula from Classical Studies
  • 1. Milman Parry
  • 2. A.B. Lord
  • 3. Robert C. Culley
  • 4. Summary
  • C. The Discovery of Word Pairs from Northwest Semitic Studies
  • 1. H.L. Ginsberg
  • 2. Umberto Cassuto and Moshe Held
  • 3. Stanley Gevirtz
  • 4. Samuel Loewenstamm and Y. Avishur
  • 5. Summary
  • D. The Discovery of Repeated Word Pairs and Phrases from Comparative Studies
  • 1. Culley and Gevirtz
  • 2. William Whallon3. Summary
  • E. Conclusion and Anticipation
  • Chapter II. The Nature and Occurrence of Word Pairs
  • A. Introduction
  • B. The Word Pairs as the Dominating Element of Formulaic Hebrew Poetry
  • C. The Nature of the Word Pair
  • D. The Presence of Word Pairs in Both Oral and Written Poetry
  • E. Conclusion and Anticipation
  • Chapter III. Word Pairs in the Transmission and Composition of the Poetry
  • A. The Origin of Word Pairs in the Oral and Written Composition of Poems
  • B. The Unlikely Transmissional Activity of Word Pairs
  • C. Traditional Diction Versus Common Association and Limited VocabularyChapter IV. Word Pairs and the Creativity of the Hebrew Poet
  • A. The Creativity of the Poet as Author
  • B. Creativity and the Association of Words in Pair
  • C. Different Genre, Formulas, and Subject Matter
  • D. Conclusion and Anticipation
  • Chapter V. Word Pairs as a Significant Index to the Poetic Line
  • A. Bishop Lowthâ€?s Contribution
  • B. The Peculiarities of Poetic Construction as Revealed by Word Pairs
  • 1. Long Tours
  • 2. Standardized Patterns
  • C. Violating the Economies of Composition and TranslationD. The Homeric Epithet as Distinctive from the Hebrew Word Pairs
  • E. Conclusion and Anticipation
  • Chapter VI. Usefulness of Word Pairs in Evaluating Poetry
  • A. Introduction: The Usefulness of Formula Criticism
  • B. What is Prose? What is Poetry?
  • C. Was Ruth Originally a Poetic Book?
  • D. Formula Criticism and the Problem of Dating Texts
  • E. Formula Criticism and the Problem of Authenticating Texts
  • 1. Isaiah
  • 2. Job
  • 3. Lamentations
  • F. Formula Criticism and the Problem of Relating Texts1. Lamentations and Jeremiah
  • 2. Lamentations and the Lament Psalms
  • G. Formula Criticism and the Problem of Repairing Texts
  • H. Conclusion
  • Chapter VII. Conclusions and Suggestions for Further Study
  • A. Conclusions
  • B. Further Study
  • Appendix. Lists
  • A. Introduction
  • B. The Lists
  • 1. Numerical Summary
  • 2. Isaiah
  • 3. Job
  • 4. Lamentations
  • 5. Ruth
  • Bibliography