Assessment of Exposure-Response Functions for Rocket-Emission Toxicants.

Assessment of Exposure-Response Functions for Rocket-Emission Toxicants.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Staff, National Research Council
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Washington : National Academies Press, 1998.
Series:Online access: National Academy of Sciences National Academies Press.
Online access: NCBI NCBI Bookshelf.
Subjects:
Rockets (Aeronautics) > Fuel > Toxicology.
Toxicology > Dose-response relationship.
Hydrogen chloride > Toxicology.
Nitrogen dioxide > Toxicology.
Hydrogen chloride > Toxicology
Nitrogen dioxide > Toxicology
Rockets (Aeronautics) > Fuel > Toxicology
Toxicology > Dose-response relationship
Online Access:Click for online access
Table of Contents:
  • Assessment of Exposure-Response Functions for Rocket-Emission Toxicants
  • Copyright
  • OTHER REPORTS OF THE BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY
  • OTHER REPORTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY
  • PREFACE
  • Contents
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • SUMMARY
  • DESCRIPTION OF THE LATRA MODEL
  • THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • TOXICOLOGICAL DATA BASE
  • IDENTIFICATION OF SENSITIVE SUBGROUPS
  • DEFINITION OF SEVERITY OF EFFECTS
  • STRUCTURE OF THE LATRA-ERF MODEL
  • 1 INTRODUCTION
  • DEVELOPMENT OF LATRA
  • ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT
  • 2 description of the launch area toxic risk analysis (latra) modeltoxicity of rocket emissions
  • identification of sensitive populations
  • definition of severity of effects
  • selection of the exposure-response model and independent variable
  • quantification of the exposure-response functions
  • representation of uncertainties
  • 3 subpopulations sensitive to air contamination
  • literature review for sensitive subpopulations
  • chemical-specific variation in human sensitivity
  • hydrogen chloride
  • nitrogen dioxide
  • nitric acid
  • ozone
  • Sulfur dioxidelimitations of existing studies
  • common risk-assessment practices for sensitive subpopulations
  • defining sensitive populations
  • conclusions and recommendations
  • defining sensitive subgroups
  • quantifying the degree of difference in sensitivity between sensitive and normal subgroups
  • 4 effect severity
  • precedent for severity descriptors
  • severity of effect in toxicology
  • epa definition of adverse effects
  • american thoracic society definition of adverse effects
  • latra's use of the term ''severity
  • Conclusions and recommendations5 evaluation of the latra exposure-response functions
  • the latra-erf model
  • selection of independent variables
  • choice of exposure-response model
  • sensitive subgroups
  • severity of effects
  • exposure-response values
  • representation of uncertainties
  • other features of latra
  • alternative approaches
  • general considerations in dose-response models
  • ordinal regression
  • maximum entropy inference
  • hazard-quotient-hazard-index approach
  • conclusions and recommendations
  • Selection of the independent variablechoice and quantification of exposure-response model
  • sensitive subgroups
  • severity of effects
  • representation and propagation of uncertainties
  • other features of latra
  • 6 exposure-response functions for rocket-emission toxicants
  • nitric acid
  • healthy adults
  • sensitive subjects
  • hydrogen chloride
  • mortality
  • corneal opacity
  • dose-response for mild, moderate, and serious effects
  • nitrogen dioxide
  • mortality
  • airway responsiveness in humans
  • continuous (nonquantal) measurements

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