Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment

Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment / John Bratby.

Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications. Thoroughly revised and updated this new edition has been progressi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bratby, John (Author)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: London : IWA Publishing, 2016.
Edition:Third edition.
Subjects:
Sewage > Purification > Flocculation.
Water > Purification > Coagulation.
Water > Purification > Flocculation.
Water supply & treatment.
TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING > Environmental > General.
Sewage > Purification
Water > Purification > Coagulation
Water > Purification > Flocculation
Environmental science, engineering & technology.
Industrial applications of scientific research & technological innovation.
Mining technology & engineering.
Online Access:Click for online access
Table of Contents:
  • Cover; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 General; 1.2 Stability and Destabilization; 1.3 Definitions; 1.4 Performance Criteria; 1.5 Summary; 1.6 References; Chapter 2: Colloids and interfaces; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Origin of Surface Charge; 2.3 Effect of Surface Charge; 2.4 Adsorption; 2.5 Inner Part of Electrical Double Layer; 2.6 Diffuse Part of Electrical Double Layer; 2.6.1 Assumptions; 2.6.2 Distribution of potential with distance from the charged surface; 2.6.3 Thickness of double layer; 2.6.4 Effect of ionic strength on double layer.
  • 2.6.5 Effect of nature of counter ions2.7 Stern's Model of Complete Double Layer; 2.8 Colloid Stability in Terms of the Double Layer; 2.8.1 Energy of interaction between particles; 2.8.2 Theoretical optimal concentration of electrolyte required for destabilization; 2.8.3 Schulze-Hardy rule; 2.9 Electrokinetic Measurements; 2.10 References; Chapter 3: Coagulants; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Metal Coagulants; 3.2.1 Commonly used metal coagulants; 3.2.1.1 Aluminum sulfate; 3.2.1.2 Acidified aluminum sulfate (Acid alum); 3.2.1.3 Aluminum chloride; 3.2.1.4 Sodium aluminate; 3.2.1.5 Ferric sulfate.
  • 3.2.1.6 Ferrous sulfate3.2.1.7 Chlorinated ferrous sulfate; 3.2.1.8 Ferric chloride; 3.2.1.9 Prepolymerized aluminum and iron coagulants; 3.2.1.9.1 Aluminum chlorohydrate; 3.2.1.9.2 Polyaluminum chloride; 3.2.1.9.3 Polyaluminum silicate sulfate and polyaluminum silicate chloride; 3.2.1.9.4 Polymerized ferric and blended aluminum-ferric coagulants; 3.2.1.9.5 Handling of pre-polymerized coagulants; 3.2.1.10 Preparation and feeding of coagulant products; 3.2.1.11 Contamination of commercial chemicals; 3.2.2 Chemistry of metal coagulants; 3.2.2.1 Hydration and stepwise substitution reactions.
  • 3.2.2.2 Alkalinity consumption by metal coagulants3.2.2.3 Stability of metal-ion hydrolysis species; 3.2.2.4 Average coordination number; 3.2.2.5 Species distribution during destabilization; 3.3 Polymers; 3.3.1 General; 3.3.2 Activated silica; 3.3.3 Natural polyelectrolytes; 3.3.3.1 Seeds from the moringa oleifera tree; 3.3.3.2 Starches; 3.3.3.3 Guar gums; 3.3.3.4 Tannins; 3.3.3.5 Chitosan; 3.3.3.6 Sodium alginate; 3.3.4 Synthetic polymers; 3.3.4.1 Structure of synthetic polyelectrolytes; 3.3.4.2 Charge density and molecular weight; 3.3.4.3 Forms of polymer; 3.3.4.3.1 Dry polymers.
  • 3.3.4.3.2 Emulsion polymers3.3.4.3.3 Mannich polymers; 3.3.4.3.4 Solution polymers; 3.3.4.4 Preparation of synthetic polymer solutions; 3.3.4.5 Toxicity of synthetic polyelectrolytes; 3.4 References; Chapter 4: Treatment with metal coagulants; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Destabilization of Hydrophobic Colloids; 4.2.1 Extent of hydrolysis and adsorption; 4.2.2 Effect of coagulant dosage; 4.2.3 Effect of colloid concentration; 4.2.4 Effect of pH; 4.2.4.1 General; 4.2.4.2 pH 1.0; 4.2.4.3 pH 2.0; 4.2.4.4 pH 3.0 to 5.0; 4.2.4.5 pH 6.0 to 9.0; 4.2.4.6 Further considerations.

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