Forensic DNA profiling : a practical guide to assigning likelihood ratios

Forensic DNA profiling : a practical guide to assigning likelihood ratios / Jo-Anne Bright, Michael Coble.

DNA testing and its forensic analysis are recognized as the gold standard in forensic identification science methods. However, there is a great need for a hands-on step-by-step guide to teach the forensic DNA community how to interpret DNA mixtures, how to assign a likelihood ratio, and how to use t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bright, Jo-Anne (Author), Coble, Michael (Author)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Milton : CRC Press LLC, 2019.
Subjects:
DNA fingerprinting.
Forensic biology.
LAW > Forensic Science.
SCIENCE > Life Sciences > Genetics & Genomics.
MEDICAL > Genetics.
DNA fingerprinting
Forensic biology
Online Access:Click for online access
Table of Contents:
  • Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Authors; 1. An Introduction and Review of DNA Profile Interpretation; 1.1 A Very Basic Review of a DNA Profile; 1.2 Thresholds; 1.3 Mixture Interpretation; 1.4 The Clayton Rules; 1.5 CPI; 1.6 RMP; 1.7 A Three-Allele Example; 1.8 Higher-Order and Complex Mixtures; 1.9 Conclusion and the Case for Probabilistic Genotyping; 2. An Introduction to Statistics and Proposition Setting; 2.1 Probability; 2.2 Derivation of Bayes' Theorem; 2.3 Odds Form of Bayes' Theorem; 2.4 Principles of Evidence Interpretation
  • 2.5 Setting Propositions2.6 The Likelihood Ratio; 2.7 Representing the Weight of Evidence and the Verbal Scale; 2.8 The Prosecutor and Defense Attorney's Fallacies; 2.9 Conclusion; 2.10 Practice Examples for the Reader; 3. Assigning the LR: Single-Source Examples and Population Genetic Models; 3.1 Population Parameters and Sampling Estimates; 3.2 Heterozygote Single-Source LR; 3.3 Homozygote Single-Source LR; 3.4 Theory
  • Population Genetic Models; 3.5 Product Rule; 3.6 NRC II 4.1; 3.7 NRC II 4.2 (Balding and Nichols Formulae); 3.8 Theory
  • Theta
  • 3.9 Application of the Population Genetic Model to Single-Source Examples3.10 Theory
  • Data below the Analytical Threshold (Dropout); 3.11 Drop-In; 3.12 Full-Profile Example; 3.13 Conclusion; 3.14 Practice Examples for the Reader; 4. Application of the Binary LR for Mixtures; 4.1 Two-Person Mixture with Conditioning; 4.2 Application of NRC II Recommendation 4.2 to Mixtures; 4.3 Two-Person Mixture without Conditioning; 4.4 Two-Person Resolvable Mixture; 4.5 Two-Person Partially Resolvable Mixture; 4.6 Two-Person Unresolvable Mixture; 4.7 Two-Person Unresolvable Mixture (Alleles below ST)
  • 4.8 Three-Person Mixture Example4.9 Conclusion; 4.10 Practice Examples for the Reader; 5. LRs Considering Relatives as Alternate Contributors; 5.1 Theory (Identity by Descent Coefficients); 5.2 Single-Source LR Examples: Heterozygote; 5.3 Single-Source Examples: Homozygote; 5.4 Mixed DNA Profile Example; 5.5 Incorporating Subpopulation Correction; 5.6 Conclusion; 5.7 Practice Examples for the Reader; 6. Probabilistic Genotyping: Semicontinuous Models; 6.1 Probabilistic Methods of Interpretation; 6.2 Underlying Concepts; 6.3 Nomenclature; 6.4 Semicontinuous Methods: Single-Source Examples
  • 6.5 Semicontinuous Methods: Mixture Example6.6 Application of the Balding and Nichols Formulae; 6.7 Conclusion; 6.8 Practice Examples for the Reader; 7. Probabilistic Genotyping: Continuous Models; 7.1 Theory; 7.2 Worked Examples; 7.3 Conclusion; 7.4 Practice Examples for the Reader; 8. Considerations on Validation of Probabilistic Genotyping Software; 8.1 SWGDAM and ISFG Recommendations; 8.2 Specificity and Sensitivity Experiments; 8.3 Precision; 8.4 Effect of Changing the Number of Contributors; 8.5 Effect of Varying Propositions; 8.6 Conclusion; Appendix 1: Allele Frequencies

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