Evolution of the human genome. II, Human evolution viewed from genomes

Evolution of the human genome. II, Human evolution viewed from genomes / Naruya Saitou, editor.

This two-volume set provides a general overview of the evolution of the human genome; The first volume overviews the human genome with descriptions of important gene groups. This second volume provides up-to-date, concise yet ample knowledge on the genome evolution of modern humans. It comprises twe...

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Bibliographic Details
Other Authors: Saitou, Naruya (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Tokyo : Springer, 2021.
Series:Evolutionary studies.
Subjects:
Human genome.
Human genetics.
Evolution (Biology)
Human genetics
Human genome
Genoma humà.
Evolució humana.
Llibres electrònics.
Online Access:Click for online access
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Part I: Non-neutral Evolution on Human Genes
  • Chapter 1: Anthropogeny
  • 1.1 Getting at the Origins of the Human Phenomenon
  • 1.2 Our Evolutionary Roots
  • 1.2.1 Homo Sapiens: The Paradoxical Ape
  • 1.2.2 Measuring Genetic Distance
  • 1.2.3 Ancient Genome Data
  • 1.2.4 Limits to Detecting Ancient Selection
  • 1.2.5 Phenotypes Are More Than Nucleic Acids and Proteins
  • 1.3 Phenotypes: From Fossils to Past Behavior, Current Physiology, and Cognition
  • 1.3.1 Fossil Data
  • 1.3.2 Archeological Data: Fossilized Behavior
  • 1.3.3 Stable Isotopes, Paleoclimate, and Paleonutrition
  • 1.3.4 Learning from Living Foragers
  • 1.3.5 The Holocene Trap
  • 1.3.6 Biological Proxies for Past Behavior
  • 1.3.7 The Crying Need for Phenotypic Data of Non-human Hominids
  • 1.3.8 Niche Construction and Top-Down Effects
  • 1.3.9 The Physical Niche
  • 1.3.10 The Socio-Cognitive Niche
  • 1.4 The Cultural Niche
  • 1.5 Language and Theory of Mind
  • 1.5.1 The Brain Needs the Body and the Group
  • 1.6 Opportunities and Limitations
  • 1.7 Open Minds, Closed Umbrellas
  • 1.7.1 The Need for Transdisciplinarity
  • 1.8 Why Anthropogeny?
  • 1.9 Note of Caution
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Positive Selection in Human Populations: Practical Aspects and Current Knowledge
  • 2.1 Statistical Approaches to Identify Signals of Positive Selection
  • 2.1.1 Using Polymorphism Data
  • 2.1.1.1 Tests Based on Long Haplotypes
  • 2.1.1.2 Tests Based on Site Frequency Spectrum
  • 2.1.1.3 Tests Based on Genetic Differentiation
  • 2.2 Practical Challenges in Detecting Positive Selection Using Polymorphism Data
  • 2.2.1 Distortions Due to Ascertainment Bias
  • 2.2.2 The Confounding Factor of Background Selection
  • 2.2.3 Demography Can Mimic Positive Selection
  • 2.2.3.1 Migration and Structure
  • 2.2.3.2 Population Expansion
  • 2.2.3.3 Population Bottleneck
  • 2.2.3.4 Founder Effect
  • 2.2.4 Has a Region of Interest Evolved Under Positive Selection?
  • 2.2.4.1 Using Simulations Accounting for Demography
  • 2.2.4.2 Outlier Approach
  • 2.2.4.3 Combination of Different Tests
  • 2.2.5 Selection Not Only by Hard Sweep
  • 2.2.5.1 Soft Sweep
  • 2.2.5.2 Polygenic Adaptation
  • 2.2.5.3 Recent Methodological Advances in Detecting Alternative Sweep Scenarios
  • 2.2.6 From Putative Advantageous Mutation to Increased Fitness
  • 2.3 Current Knowledge on Positive Selection in the Human Genome
  • 2.3.1 Candidate Gene Studies of Positive Selection
  • 2.3.2 Genome-Wide Scans for Positive Selection
  • 2.3.3 Insights from Published Studies of Positive Selection in Humans
  • 2.3.3.1 Functional Categories for the Selected Protein-Coding Genes
  • 2.3.3.2 Complex Adaptive Traits
  • 2.3.3.3 The Importance of Regulatory Elements
  • 2.4 Concluding Remarks
  • References
  • Chapter 3: Population Genomics of High-Altitude Adaptation
  • 3.1 Background

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